This final rule amends HUD's regulations implementing the Program Fraud Civil Remedies Act of 1986 (PFCRA), which were codified in 1996 and were amended in 2003 to include inflation adjustments. This final rule more closely conforms the PFCRA regulations with the PFCRA statutory language, to incorporate additional definitions into the PFCRA regulations, and to add an additional item to the list of factors that HUD shall consider in determining the amount of penalties and assessments to be imposed. This final rule follows publication of a September 8, 2008, proposed rule, but makes no changes at this final rule stage.