THIS IS AN ACTION TO RECOVER COSTS OF APPROXIMATELY $22,164,204.73 EXPENDED FOR RESPONSE ACTIONS UNDERTAKEN BY EPA AT THE GREENWOOD CHEMICAL SITE THROUGH MAY 20, 1997 AND FOR A DECLARATORY JUDGMENT FOR LIABILITY ASSOCIATED WITH FUTURE RESPONSE COSTS TO BE EXPENDED AT THE SITE. THE GREENWOOD CHEMICAL SITE IS AN INACTIVE CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING FACILITY LOCATED IN NEWTON, ALBEMARLE COUNTY, VIRGINIA APPROXIMATELY THREE QUARTERS OF A MILE WEST OF THE TOWN OF GREENWOOD, VIRGINIA AND APPROXIMATELY 20 MILES WEST OF CHARLOTTESVILLE. THE AREA OF THE GREENWOOD CHEMICAL SITE ASSOCIATED WITH CHEMICAL MANUFACTURING AND WASTE DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES COMPRISES APPROXIMATELY 18 ACRES. GREENWOOD CHEMICAL COMPANY AND ITS PREDECESSORS OPERATED A SMALL VOLUME SPECIALTY CHEMICAL BATCH MANUFACTURING FACILITY AT THE SITE BEGINNING IN THE 1930'S, PRODUCING CHEMICALS FOR USE AS BOTH INTERMEDIATE AND FINAL PRODUCTS IN INDUSTRIAL, AGRICULTURAL, PHARMACEUTICAL, PESTICIDE, AND PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES. THE FACILITY PRODUCED CHEMICALS FOR SALE TO THE GENERAL MARKET, AS WELL AS FOR SPECIFIC CUSTOMERS PURSUANT TO TOLLING AGREEMENTS (CONTRACTS USED IN THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY UNDER WHICH ONE COMPANY DISCLOSES A PROPRIETARY CHEMICAL FORMULA TO ANOTHER COMPANY, WHICH THEN MANUFACTURERS THE PRODUCT). MANUFACTURING ACTIVITIES AT GREENWOOD CEASED IN APRIL 1985, FOLLOWING A TOLUENE EXPLOSION AND FI