# LYSOPHOSPHOLIPASES

> **NIH NIH R01** · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · 1994 · $225,750

## Abstract

Lysophospholipids are lipids generated by the action of phospholipase.
They cause lysis of cellular membranes, play a role in signal
transduction, serve as precursors of platelet activating factor (PAF),
and are implicated in ischemia and cardiovascular disease.
Lysophospholipases (Lyso PLA) hydrolyze to produce free fatty acids and
simple phosphodiesters, thereby controlling the levels of
lysophospholipid in the cell.  While phospholipase, such as phospholipase
A2 and phospholipase C, have been extensively studied, little is known
about the lysoPLA's. Several years ago, we discovered that lysoPLA's were
present in surprisingly high levels in some cells and tissues.  This led
us to purify three different lysoPLA's and to study the properties of
their lysophospholipid substrates.  We now propose to carry out a
comprehensive study of lyso PLA's and lysophospholipids.

We will focus on four different enzymes which represent two of the three
different classes of lysoPLA.  The first class is represented by the 28
kDa lysoPLA I and 27 kDa lysoPLA II from the murine macrophage-like cell
line, P388D1.  These enzymes are specific lysoPLAs and do not have any
other lipase activities.  The second type of lysoPLA catalyzes both
phospholipase A2 and lysoPLA activity.  The 85 kDa human cytosolic
phospholipase A2 belongs to this class.  The fourth enzyme we will study
is the 17 kDa human eosinophil lysoPLA whose activities have not been
defined. This is the smallest lysoPLA identified to date, has a
remarkably low specific activity, and has a propensity to crystalize in
vivo to form Charcot-Leyden crystals.  The proposed studies on the
specificity, kinetics, chemical modification, inhibition, and mutagenesis
of these enzymes should lead to an enhanced understanding of the cellular
function, regulation, mechanism of action, and structure/function
correlates of lysoPLA's.

## Key facts

- **NIH application ID:** 2190247
- **Project number:** 1R01GM051606-01
- **Recipient organization:** UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
- **SAM.gov UEI:** UYTTZT6G9DT1
- **Principal Investigator:** EDWARD A DENNIS
- **Activity code:** R01 (R01, R21, SBIR, etc.)
- **Funding institute:** NIH
- **Fiscal year:** 1994
- **Award amount:** $225,750
- **Award type:** 1
- **Project period:** 1994-07-01 → 1998-06-30

## Primary source

NIH RePORTER: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2190247

## Citation

> US National Institutes of Health, RePORTER application 2190247, LYSOPHOSPHOLIPASES (1R01GM051606-01). Retrieved via MORVS 2026-10-25 from https://api.morvs.ai/grant/nih/2190247. Licensed CC0.

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